Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are both conditions related to the thyroid gland, which is a small butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck. The thyroid gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate the body’s metabolism and energy levels. These hormones are called thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. This can cause the body’s metabolism to slow down, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. It can also cause the skin to become dry and rough, hair to become thin and brittle, and the nails to become brittle.
The most common cause of hypothyroidism is an autoimmune disorder called Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. This condition causes the immune system to attack the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and damage. This can cause the gland to produce fewer hormones. Other causes of hypothyroidism include surgery to remove the thyroid gland, radiation therapy, and certain medications.
Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces too much hormone. This can cause the body’s metabolism to speed up, leading to symptoms such as weight loss, increased appetite, and increased sweating. It can also cause the heart to beat faster, leading to palpitations and tachycardia.
The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is an autoimmune disorder called Graves’ disease. This condition causes the immune system to produce a hormone called thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies. These antibodies stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more hormones. Other causes of hyperthyroidism include a benign tumor on the thyroid gland, and certain medications.
Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can be diagnosed with a blood test that measures the levels of TSH, T4, and T3. The treatment for hypothyroidism is usually a daily dose of synthetic T4, which is taken in the form of a pill. This medication is called levothyroxine. The treatment for hyperthyroidism is usually a medication that blocks the production of thyroid hormones or a medication that reduces the size of the thyroid gland. These medications include methimazole and propylthiouracil. In some cases, surgery or radioactive iodine therapy may also be used to treat hyperthyroidism.
As a summary, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are both conditions related to the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, while hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces too much hormone. The most common causes of hypothyroidism are Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, while the most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease. Both conditions can be diagnosed with a blood test and treated with medication or surgery. It is important to consult a doctor if you suspect you may have a thyroid disorder, as it can have a significant impact on your overall health.
About The Author
Dr. Krisca is a highly-educated and skilled physician who has obtained a BS Public Health degree from the University of the Philippines Manila and a Doctor of Medicine degree from the De La Salle Medical Health Sciences Institute. She is a licensed physician and also a Registered Medical Technologist. She has received additional training in Hemodialysis for Non-Nephro Physicians on duty and has completed online courses in related fields like depression in populations from John Hopkins University and positive psychiatry from The University of Sydney. Currently, she is pursuing a Master of International Health in the University of the Philippines.
Dr. Krisca is known for her outstanding skills and compassionate approach to healthcare that make a positive impact on people’s lives. Through her passion for healthcare, she hopes to make a difference in the world and help people lead healthier, happier lives.
